Here’s everything you need to know about what to expect when participating in a focus group.

What Is a Focus Group?

A focus group is a small group discussion—usually 6 to 10 participants—led by a trained moderator. The goal is to gather in-depth feedback on a specific topic, product, message, or idea. You might be asked to react to a new ad campaign, talk through your experience using a product, or share your perspective on a social or political issue.

Focus groups are considered a form of qualitative research, meaning they aim to uncover the why behind people’s thoughts and behavior—not just the what. Your candid feedback helps organizations shape better strategies, messaging, and decisions.

What Happens During a Focus Group?

Focus group sessions typically last 60 to 120 minutes. Whether in-person or virtual, they follow a clear structure—but the conversation is free-flowing and open-ended.

Here’s what a typical session might look like:

1. Welcome and Introduction: The moderator will greet the group, explain the purpose of the session, and outline the ground rules. This is your chance to get comfortable and understand the topic.
2. Discussion Prompts: You’ll be asked a series of open-ended questions. These may include opinions on products, responses to ads, or feelings about a particular issue. You might be shown visuals, listen to audio, or test out a prototype.
3. Sharing Perspectives: Everyone is encouraged to speak honestly. There are no right or wrong answers—just your personal opinion. Sometimes group members will build on each other’s comments, which helps bring new ideas to the surface.
4. Follow-Up Probing: The moderator may ask follow-up questions to better understand your reasoning or emotional reaction. This helps uncover deeper insights that can’t be captured through surveys.
5. Wrap-Up: The session ends with a brief closing, and participants are thanked for their time. If compensation is offered, you’ll be reminded of how and when to receive it.

Will I Be Judged or Evaluated?

Not at all. Focus groups are not tests or job interviews. You’re not being graded—and there are no expectations beyond honesty.

In fact, disagreement is encouraged. Your unique perspective is exactly what researchers want to hear. Even if you’re the only one in the room who feels a certain way, that insight can be incredibly valuable.

Will My Answers Be Kept Private?

Yes. Most focus groups are recorded (either via audio or video) for research purposes only, but your responses are confidential. Your name and personal information will never be publicly shared, and anything you say will be used strictly for internal analysis.

Do I Need to Prepare?

Not at all. You don’t need to study, research, or do anything in advance. The goal is to capture your natural, unfiltered reaction. Just bring your thoughts, your voice, and your willingness to share.

If there’s anything specific you’ll be reviewing (like a product or document), you’ll be informed beforehand.

Will I Be Paid?

Yes—most focus groups offer compensation as a thank-you for your time. The amount varies depending on the length and type of session, and you’ll be told the details before you agree to participate. Payments are usually provided digitally or by cash or check.

Participating in a focus group is a unique opportunity to influence what gets created, marketed, and improved in the world around you. Whether you’re helping fine-tune a campaign, shape the next big product, or give insight into voter perspectives, your input drives real decisions.

So speak freely. Ask questions. And know that your perspective is valued more than you think.